The decarbonization pathways to a net-zero Europe are countless, but not all are cost optimal. We explore one pathway that could reduce the EU’s emissions 55 percent by 2030 while delivering broad economic benefits. In December 2019, the European Commission introduced an ambitious proposal to make the bloc climate-neutral by 2050. Although the proposal set specific 2030 and 2050 emission-reduction goals, it did not explain how much each sector and member state should contribute to the desired emissions reductions or what achieving those reductions would cost.

The Coordination Committee of the General Financial Directorate and the Chamber of Tax Advisors of the Czech Republic has finalised its discussion paper concerning the ‘knowledge test’, i.e. whether a creditor knew, should, or could have known at the time of a delivery of goods or provision of services that the supply would not be properly paid, and its implication for correcting the VAT base for irrecoverable debts.